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Plants are exposed to various environmental stresses during their life cycle such as salt, drought and cold. Natural variation mediated plant growth adaptation has been employed as an effective approach in response to the diverse environmental cues such as salt stress. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this process is not well understood. In the present study, a collection of 82  Arabidopsis thaliana  accessions (ecotypes) was screened with a view to identify variation for salinity tolerance. Seven accessions showed a higher level of tolerance than Col-0. The young seedlings of the tolerant accessions demonstrated a higher K +  content and a lower Na + /K +  ratio when exposed to salinity stress, but its Na +  content was the same as that of Col-0. The K +  transporter genes  AtHAK5 ,  AtCHX17  and  AtKUP1  were up-regulated significantly in almost all the tolerant accessions, even in the absence of salinity stress. There was little genetic variation or positive transcriptional variation between the selections and Col-0 with respect to Na + -related transporter genes, as  AtSOS  genes,  AtNHX1  and  AtHKT1;1 . In addition, under salinity stress, these selections accumulated higher compatible solutes and lower reactive oxygen species than did Col-0. Taken together, our results showed that natural variation in salinity tolerance of  Arabidopsis  seems to have been achieved by the strong capacity of K +  retention.

Potassium Retention under Salt Stress Is Associated with Natural Variation in Salinity Tolerance among Arabidopsis Accessions