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Xyloglucan endotransglycosylase/hydrolase (XTH) enzymes have played a role in the remodeling of cell wall hemicelluloses. To investigate the function of  XTHs  in persimmon ( Diospyros kaki  L.) fruit development and postharvest softening, five cDNAs ( DkXTH1  to  DkXTH5 ), whose putative proteins contained the conserved DEIDFEFLG motif of XTH, were cloned. Real time quantitative PCR analysis revealed that  DkXTH1 ,  DkXTH4 , and  DkXTH5  peaked in immature expanding fruit, and their higher expression was observed along with higher fruit firmness in cold-treated fruit or firmer cultivar fruit during storage. The opposite gene expression patterns were observed in  DkXTH2  and  DkXTH3 , which reached maxima concomitance with pronounced fruit softening. Meanwhile, the xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (XET) enzymes play important roles in both the rapid growth and ripening of persimmon fruit. Furthermore, the recombined  DkXTH1  and  DkXTH2  proteins showed significant XET activity without any detected XEH activity. However, the XET activity of recombined  DkXTH2  protein had a higher affinity for small acceptor molecules than that of recombined  DkXTH1  protein. The former might prefer to participate in cell wall restructuring, and the latter is more inclined to participate in cell wall assembly. Besides,  DKXTH  proteins could function by targeting to the cell wall under regulation of a signal peptide. The data suggested that individual  DKXTHs  could exhibit different patterns of expression, and the encoded products possessed specific enzymatic properties conferring on their respective functions in growth and postharvest softening of persimmon fruit.

plos one

Analysis of Xyloglucan Endotransglycosylase/Hydrolase (XTH) Genes and Diverse Roles of Isoenzymes during Persimmon Fruit Development and Postharvest Softening