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The twin-arginine translocation (Tat) system transports folded proteins across the cytoplasmic membrane of bacteria and the thylakoid membrane of plant chloroplasts.  Escherichia coli  and other Gram-negative bacteria possess a TatABC-type Tat translocase in which each of the three inner membrane proteins TatA, TatB, and TatC performs a mechanistically distinct function. In contrast, low-GC Gram-positive bacteria, such as  Bacillus subtilis , use a TatAC-type minimal Tat translocase in which the TatB function is carried out by a bifunctional TatA. In high-GC Gram-positive Actinobacteria, such as  Mycobacterium tuberculosis  and  Corynebacterium glutamicum ,  tatA ,  tatB , and  tatC  genes can be identified, suggesting that these organisms, just like  E .  coli , might use TatABC-type Tat translocases as well. However, since contrary to this view a previous study has suggested that  C .  glutamicum  might in fact use a TatAC translocase with TatB only playing a minor role, we reexamined the requirement of TatB for Tat-dependent protein translocation in this microorganism. Under aerobic conditions, the misassembly of the Rieske iron-sulfur protein QcrA was identified as a major reason for the severe growth defect of Tat-defective  C .  glutamicum  mutant strains. Furthermore, our results clearly show that TatB, besides TatA and TatC, is strictly required for unimpaired aerobic growth. In addition, TatB was also found to be essential for the secretion of a heterologous Tat-dependent model protein into the  C .  glutamicum  culture supernatant. Together with our finding that expression of the  C .  glutamicum  TatB in an  E .  coli  Δ tatB  mutant strain resulted in the formation of an active Tat translocase, our results clearly indicate that a TatABC translocase is used as the physiologically relevant functional unit for Tat-dependent protein translocation in  C .  glutamicum  and, most likely, also in other TatB-containing Actinobacteria.

A TatABC-Type Tat Translocase Is Required for Unimpaired Aerobic Growth of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC13032