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Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2s (UBCs), which catalyze the transfer of ubiquitin to substrate or E3 ligases, are key enzymes in ubiquitination modifications of target proteins. However, little is known about the knowledge of UBC gene family in rice. In this study, a total of 39 UBC encoding genes, which all contained an UBC domain with a cysteine active site, were identified in the rice genome. These were classified into fifteen distinct subfamilies based upon their sequence similarity and phylogenetic relationships. A subset of 19  OsUBC  genes exhibited chromosomal duplication; 4 and 15  OsUBC  genes were tandemly and segmentally duplicated, respectively. Comprehensive analyses were performed to investigate the expression profiles of  OsUBC  genes in various stages of vegetative and reproductive development using data from EST, Microarrays, MPSS, and real-time PCR. Many  OsUBC  genes exhibited abundant and tissue-specific expression patterns. Moreover, 14  OsUBCs  were found to be differentially expressed under treatments with drought, or salt stresses. The expression analysis after treatments with IAA, 6-BA, GA and ABA indicated that almost all  OsUBC  genes were responsive to at least two of the four hormones. Several genes were significantly down-regulated under all of the hormone treatments, and most of the genes reduced by 6-BA were also reduced by GA. This study will facilitate further studies of the  OsUBC  gene family and provide useful clues for functional validation of  OsUBCs  in rice.

plos one

Characterization of the Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme Gene Family in Rice and Evaluation of Expression Profiles under Abiotic Stresses and Hormone Treatments