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Background  P120 catenin (p120ctn), a regulator of cell adhesion, has previously been found in many malignancies, and suggested a role in invasion, metastasis and survival. The aim of this study was to investigate correlations between altered localization of p120ctn and clinical-pathological characteristics in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).    Methods  Immunohistochemical staining for p120 ctn  was performed on tissue samples from 118 patients with ESCC. The expression of p120 ctn  was scored for intensity and cellular localization by Image-pro Plus 6.0. Correlations between immunohistochemical staining of p120 ctn  and pathological characteristics and clinical prognosis were determined using SPSS 18.0 software.    Results  Membrane expression of p120 ctn  in ESCCs was lower than that in adjacentnormal esophageal epithelial tissues (P = 0.041), while overall cellular expression of p120 ctn  was not different between the two tissue types (P = 0.787). Furthermore, neither overall cellular expression nor localized membrane expression was associated with histological and clinical variables. The high ratio of membrane expression to overall cellular expression (M/C) of p120 ctn  was inversely associated with lymph node invasion (P = 0.001), tumor differentiation (P = 0.012) and advanced tumor stage (P = 0.005); however, it was poorly associated with T stage (P = 0.274). The high M/C ratio of p120 ctn  was inversely correlated with poor survival; the 5-year OS (overall survival) and the 5-year DFS (disease free survival) for the high M/C ratio group were significantly higher than those of the low M/C ratio group (41.0% vs. 6.7%, P = 0.000; 44.1% vs. 24.9%, P = 0.007). Both the M/C ratio of p120 ctn  and N status were independent variables for the prediction of overall survival (P = 0.007 and P = 0.027). The M/C of p120 ctn  predicted a 0.49-fold risk of ESCC death (p = 0.007, 95% CI 0.29–0.83).    Conclusions  The reduced M/C ratio of p120 ctn  acted as an independent prognostic factor for ESCC patient survival and for the migration and invasive behavior of the disease.

Altered Localization of p120 Catenin in the Cytoplasm Rather than the Membrane Correlates with Poor Prognosis in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma