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Mycobacterium abscessus  group subsp., such as  M. massiliense, M. abscessus sensu stricto  and  M. bolletii , are an environmental organism found in soil, water and other ecological niches, and have been isolated from respiratory tract infection, skin and soft tissue infection, postoperative infection of cosmetic surgery. To determine the unique genetic feature of  M. massiliense , we sequenced the complete genome of  M. massiliense  type strain JCM 15300 (corresponding to CCUG 48898). Comparative genomic analysis was performed among  Mycobacterium  spp. and among  M. abscessus  group subspp., showing that additional ß-oxidation-related genes and, notably, the mammalian cell entry ( mce ) operon were located on a genomic island,  M. massiliense  Genomic Island 1 (MmGI-1), in  M. massiliense . In addition, putative anaerobic respiration system-related genes and additional mycolic acid cyclopropane synthetase-related genes were found uniquely in  M. massiliense . Japanese isolates of  M. massiliense  also frequently possess the MmGI-1 (14/44, approximately 32%) and three unique conserved regions (26/44; approximately 60%, 34/44; approximately 77% and 40/44; approximately 91%), as well as isolates of other countries (Malaysia, France, United Kingdom and United States). The well-conserved genomic island MmGI-1 may play an important role in high growth potential with additional lipid metabolism, extra factors for survival in the environment or synthesis of complex membrane-associated lipids. ORFs on MmGI-1 showed similarities to ORFs of phylogenetically distant  M. avium  complex (MAC), suggesting that horizontal gene transfer or genetic recombination events might have occurred within MmGI-1 among  M. massiliense  and MAC.

plos one

Complete Genome Sequence and Comparative Genomic Analysis of Mycobacterium massiliense JCM 15300 in the Mycobacterium abscessus Group Reveal a Conserved Genomic Island MmGI-1 Related to Putative Lipid Metabolism