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Midkine (MDK) and Pleiotrophin (PTN) are small heparin-binding cytokines with closely related structures. The  Drosophila  genome harbours two genes encoding members of the MDK/PTN family of proteins, known as  miple1  and  miple2 . We have investigated the role of Miple proteins  in vivo , in particular with regard to their proposed role as ligands for the Alk receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK). Here we show that Miple proteins are neither required to drive Alk signaling during  Drosophila  embryogenesis, nor are they essential for development in the fruit fly. Additionally we show that neither MDK nor PTN can activate hALK  in vivo  when ectopically co-expressed in the fly. In conclusion, our data suggest that Alk is not activated by MDK/PTN related growth factors Miple1 and Miple 2  in vivo .

plos one

The Drosophila Midkine/Pleiotrophin Homologues Miple1 and Miple2 Affect Adult Lifespan but Are Dispensable for Alk Signaling during Embryonic Gut Formation