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Species in the genus  Zygophiala  are associated with sooty blotch and flyspeck disease on a wide range of hosts. In this study, 63  Zygophiala  isolates collected from flyspeck colonies on a range of plants from several regions of China were used for phylogeny, host range and geographic distribution analysis. Phylogenetic trees were constructed on four genes - internal transcribed spacer (ITS), partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF), β-tubulin (TUB2), and actin (ACT) – both individually and in combination. Isolates were grouped into 11 clades among which five new species,  Z. emperorae, Z. trispora, Z. musae, Z. inaequalis  and  Z. longispora,  were described. Species of  Zygophiala  differed in observed host range and geographic distribution.  Z. wisconsinensis  and  Z. emperorae  were the most prevalent throughout the sampled regions of China, whereas  Z. trispora, Z. musae, Z. inaequalis  and  Z. longispora  were collected only in southern China. The hosts of  Z. wisconsinensis  and  Z. emperorae  were mainly in the family Rosaceae whereas  Z. trispora, Z. musae, Z. inaequalis  and  Z. longispora  were found mainly on banana ( Musa  spp.). Cross inoculation tests provided evidence of host specificity among SBFS species.

Molecular and Morphological Analysis Reveals Five New Species of Zygophiala Associated with Flyspeck Signs on Plant Hosts from China