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H. seropedicae  associates endophytically and epiphytically with important poaceous crops and is capable of promoting their growth. The molecular mechanisms involved in plant colonization by this microrganism are not fully understood. Exopolysaccharides (EPS) are usually necessary for bacterial attachment to solid surfaces, to other bacteria, and to form biofilms. The role of  H. seropedicae  SmR1 exopolysaccharide in biofilm formation on both inert and plant substrates was assessed by characterization of a mutant in the  espB  gene which codes for a glucosyltransferase. The mutant strain was severely affected in EPS production and biofilm formation on glass wool. In contrast, the plant colonization capacity of the mutant strain was not altered when compared to the parental strain. The requirement of EPS for biofilm formation on inert surface was reinforced by the induction of  eps  genes in biofilms grown on glass and polypropylene. On the other hand, a strong repression of  eps  genes was observed in  H. seropedicae  cells adhered to maize roots. Our data suggest that  H. seropedicae  EPS is a structural component of mature biofilms, but this development stage of biofilm is not achieved during plant colonization.

Exopolysaccharide Biosynthesis Enables Mature Biofilm Formation on Abiotic Surfaces by Herbaspirillum seropedicae