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Salmonella enterica  serovars Derby and Mbandaka are isolated from different groups of livestock species in the UK.  S . Derby is predominantly isolated from pigs and turkeys and  S . Mbandaka is predominantly isolated from cattle and chickens. Alignment of the genome sequences of two isolates of each serovar led to the discovery of a new putative  Salmonella  pathogenicity island, SPI-23, in the chromosome sequence of  S . Derby isolates. SPI-23 is 37 kb in length and contains 42 ORFs, ten of which are putative type III effector proteins. In this study we use porcine jejunum derived cell line IPEC-J2 and  in vitro  organ culture of porcine jejunum and colon, to characterise the association and invasion rates of  S.  Derby and  S . Mbandaka, and tissue tropism of  S . Derby respectively. We show that  S . Derby invades and associates to an IPEC-J2 monolayer in significantly greater numbers than  S . Mbandaka, and that  S . Derby preferentially attaches to porcine jejunum over colon explants. We also show that nine genes across SPI-23 are up-regulated to a greater degree in the jejunum compared to the colon explants. Furthermore, we constructed a mutant of the highly up-regulated,  pilV -like gene,  potR , and find that it produces an excess of surface pili compared to the parent strain which form a strong agglutinating phenotype interfering with association and invasion of IPEC-J2 monolayers. We suggest that  potR  may play a role in tissue tropism.

SPI-23 of S. Derby: Role in Adherence and Invasion of Porcine Tissues