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Two mechanisms – factor independent and dependent termination – ensure the completion of RNA synthesis in eubacteria. Factor-dependent mechanism relies on the Rho protein to terminate transcription by interacting with RNA polymerase. Although well studied in  Escherichia coli , the properties of the Rho homologs from most bacteria are not known. The  rho  gene is unusually large in genus  Mycobacterium  and other members of actinobacteria, having ∼150 additional residues towards the amino terminal end. We describe the distinct properties of Rho from  Mycobacterium tuberculosis . It is an NTPase with a preference for purine nucleoside triphosphates with kinetic properties different from  E. coli  homolog and an ability to use various RNA substrates. The N-terminal subdomain of MtbRho can bind to RNA by itself, and appears to contribute to the interaction of the termination factor with RNAs. Furthermore, the interaction with RNA induces changes in conformation and oligomerization of MtbRho.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rho Is an NTPase with Distinct Kinetic Properties and a Novel RNA-Binding Subdomain