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GTPases of the Rho family are important molecular switches that regulate many basic cellular processes. The function of the Rho2 and Rho5 proteins from  Saccharomyces cerevisiae  and of their homologs in other species is poorly understood. Here, we report on the analysis of the  Ag Rho2 and  Ag Rho5 proteins of the filamentous fungus  Ashbya gossypii . In contrast to  S. cerevisiae  mutants of both encoding genes displayed a strong morphological phenotype. The  Agrho2  mutants showed defects in tip-branching, while  Agrho5  mutants had a significantly decreased growth rate and failed to maintain their growth axis. In addition, the  Agrho5  mutants had highly defective actin rings at septation sites. We also found that a deletion mutant of a putative GDP-GTP-exchange factor (GEF) that was homologous to a Rac-GEF from other species phenocopied the  Agrho5  mutant, suggesting that both proteins act in the same pathway, but the  Ag Rho5 protein has acquired functions that are fulfilled by Rac-proteins in other species.

plos one

The Small GTP-Binding Proteins AgRho2 and AgRho5 Regulate Tip-Branching, Maintenance of the Growth Axis and Actin-Ring-Integrity in the Filamentous Fungus Ashbya gossypii