English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Recent genomic sequencing of the foxtail millet, an abiotic, stress-tolerant crop, has provided a great opportunity for novel gene discovery and functional analysis of this popularly-grown grass. However, few stress-mediated gene families have been studied. Aldehyde dehydrogenases ( ALDHs ) comprise a gene superfamily encoding NAD (P)  + -dependent enzymes that play the role of “aldehyde scavengers”, which indirectly detoxify cellular ROS and reduce the effect of lipid peroxidation meditated cellular toxicity under various environmental stresses. In the current paper, we identified a total of 20  ALDH  genes in the foxtail millet genome using a homology search and a phylogenetic analysis and grouped them into ten distinct families based on their amino acid sequence identity. Furthermore, evolutionary analysis of foxtail millet reveals that both tandem and segmental duplication contributed significantly to the expansion of its  ALDH  genes. The exon-intron structures of members of the same family in foxtail millet or the orthologous genes in rice display highly diverse distributions of their exonic and intronic regions. Also, synteny analysis shows that the majority of foxtail millet and rice  ALDH  gene homologs exist in the syntenic blocks between the two, implying that these  ALDH  genes arose before the divergence of cereals. Semi-quantitative and real-time quantitative PCR data reveals that a few Si ALDH  genes are expressed in an organ-specific manner and that the expression of a number of foxtail millet  ALDH  genes, such as,  SiALDH7B1 ,  SiALDH12A1  and  SiALDH18B2  are up-regulated by osmotic stress, cold, H 2 O 2 , and phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA). Furthermore, the transformation of  SiALDH2B2 ,  SiALDH10A2 ,  SiALDH5F1 ,  SiALDH22A1 , and  SiALDH3E2  into Escherichia coli ( E.coli ) was able to improve their salt tolerance. Taken together, our results show that genome-wide identification characteristics and expression analyses provide unique opportunities for assessing the functional roles of foxtail millet  ALDH  genes in stress responses.

Characteristics and Expression Patterns of the Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Gene Superfamily of Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica L.)