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The ages of a fruticose lichen of  Usnea aurantiacoatra  (Jacq.) Bory, from Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, Southwest Antarctic, were determined by radiocarbon ( 14 C), and it is 1993–1996 at bottom and 2006–2007 at top of the lichen branch. The growth rates of  U. aurantiacoatra  calculated are 4.3 to 5.5 mm year −1  based on its length and ages. The comparisons show that the growth rates of  U. aurantiacoatra  are higher than those of  U. antarctica  (0.4 to 1.1 mm year −1 ). The growth rates of fruticose lichens are always higher, usually >2 mm year −1 , than those of crustose ones, usually <1 mm year −1 , in polar areas. A warming trend on Fildes Peninsula is recorded in the period from 1969 to 2010 obviously: the mean annual temperature rose from −2.75 to −1.9°C and the average temperature of summer months from 0.95 to 1.4°C, as well as the average temperature of winter months from −6.75 to −5.5°C. The alteration of lichen growth rates in polar areas may respond to the climatic and environmental changes, and the lichens may act as bio-monitor of natural condition.

Growth Rate of Usnea aurantiacoatra (Jacq.) Bory on Fildes Peninsula, Antarctica and Its Climatic Background