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Research on interspecific competitive interactions among insect parasitoids has often been characterized by laboratory studies in which host insects are exposed to female parasitoids of different species in various sequences and combinations. In the last years, an increasing number of studies have investigated interspecific interactions under field and semi-field conditions although just a few number of works focused on egg parasitoids. In this work, we undertook a two-year study to investigate interspecific interactions between  Trissolcus basalis  (Wollaston) (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) and  Ooencyrtus telenomicida  (Vassiliev) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), two egg parasitoids of the pest  Nezara viridula  (L.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) that co-occur in cultivated crops. Under semi-field (in out-door mesh cages) and field conditions, we investigated: 1) the seasonal occurrence of competing parasitoid species on sentinel egg masses; 2) the impact achieved by competing species on the shared host on naturally laid egg masses; 3) the outcome of intraguild interactions under controlled conditions. Results from sentinel egg masses showed that  T. basalis  occurs in May and successfully parasitizes hosts until the end of September/beginning of October, whereas  O. telenomicida  is mainly occurring in July-August. In both years, it was found that  T. basalis  is predominant. From naturally laid egg masses, results indicated that  T. basalis  achieves higher impact on the hosts, even in those egg masses which are parasitized by more than one female of different species ( =  multiparasitism). Results from manipulating intraguild interactions showed that  T. basalis  achieves higher impact on  N. viridula  when released alone, but it suffers from competition with  O. telenomicida . The ecological factors that play a role in intraguild interactions in the context of biological control perspective are discussed.

Intraguild Interactions between Two Egg Parasitoids of a True Bug in Semi-Field and Field Conditions