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We propose a method for finding metabolic parameters of cells, organs andwhole organisms, which is based on the earlier discovered general growth law.Based on the obtained results and analysis of available biological models, wepropose a general framework for modeling biological phenomena and discuss howit can be used in Virtual Liver Network project. The foundational idea of thestudy is that growth of cells, organs, systems and whole organisms, besidesbiomolecular machinery, is influenced by biophysical mechanisms acting atdifferent scale levels. In particular, the general growth law uniquely definesdistribution of nutritional resources between maintenance needs and biomasssynthesis at each phase of growth and at each scale level. We exemplify theapproach considering metabolic properties of growing human and dog livers andliver transplants. A procedure for verification of obtained results has beenintroduced too. We found that two examined dogs have high metabolic ratesconsuming about 0.62 and 1 gram of nutrients per cubic centimeter of liver perday, and verified this using the proposed verification procedure. We alsoevaluated consumption rate of nutrients in human livers, determining it to beabout 0.088 gram of nutrients per cubic centimeter of liver per day for males,and about 0.098 for females. This noticeable difference can be explained byevolutionary development, which required females to have greater liverprocessing capacity to support pregnancy. We also found how much nutrients goto biomass synthesis and maintenance at each phase of liver and livertransplant growth. Obtained results demonstrate that the proposed approach canbe used for finding metabolic characteristics of cells, organs, and wholeorganisms, which can further serve as important inputs for many applications inbiology (protein expression), biotechnology (synthesis of substances), andmedicine.

Method for finding metabolic properties based on the general growth law. Liver examples. A General framework for biological modeling