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Development of yellow mustard ( Sinapis alba  L.) with superior quality traits (low erucic and linolenic acid contents, and low glucosinolate content) can make this species as a potential oilseed crop. We have recently isolated three inbred lines Y1127, Y514 and Y1035 with low (3.8%), medium (12.3%) and high (20.8%) linolenic acid (C18∶3) content, respectively, in this species. Inheritance studies detected two fatty acid desaturase 3 ( FAD3 ) gene loci controlling the variation of C18∶3 content. QTL mapping revealed that the two  FAD3  gene loci responsible for 73.0% and 23.4% of the total variation and were located on the linkage groups Sal02 and Sal10, respectively. The  FAD3  gene on Sal02 was referred to as  SalFAD3.LA1  and that on Sal10 as  SalFAD3.LA2 . The dominant and recessive alleles were designated as  LA 1   and  la 1   for  SalFAD3.LA1 , and  LA 2   and  la 2   for  SalFAD3.LA2 . Cloning and alignment of the coding and genomic DNA sequences revealed that the  SalFAD3.LA1  and  SalFAD3.LA2  genes each contained 8 exons and 7 introns.  LA 1   had a coding DNA sequence (CDS) of 1143 bp encoding a polypeptide of 380 amino acids, whereas  la 1   was a loss-of-function allele due to an insertion of 584 bp in exon 3. Both  LA 2   and  la 2   had a CDS of 1152 bp encoding a polypeptide of 383 amino acids. Allele-specific markers for  LA 1  ,  la 1  ,  LA 2   and  la 2   co-segregated with the C18∶3 content in the F 2  populations and will be useful for improving fatty acid composition through marker assisted selection in yellow mustard breeding.

plos one

Detection and Molecular Characterization of Two FAD3 Genes Controlling Linolenic Acid Content and Development of Allele-Specific Markers in Yellow Mustard (Sinapis alba)