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Phosphoinositide-3-kinase enhancer (PIKE) proteins encoded by the  PIKE/CENTG1  gene are members of the gamma subgroup of the Centaurin superfamily of small GTPases. They are characterized by their chimeric protein domain architecture consisting of a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, a GTPase-activating (GAP) domain, Ankyrin repeats as well as an intrinsic GTPase domain. In mammals, three PIKE isoforms with variations in protein structure and subcellular localization are encoded by the  PIKE  locus.  PIKE  inactivation in mice results in a broad range of defects, including neuronal cell death during brain development and misregulation of mammary gland development.  PIKE -/-  mutant mice are smaller, contain less white adipose tissue, and show insulin resistance due to misregulation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and insulin receptor/Akt signaling. here, we have studied the role of PIKE proteins in metabolic regulation in the fly. We show that the  Drosophila PIKE  homolog,  ceng1A , encodes functional GTPases whose internal GAP domains catalyze their GTPase activity. To elucidate the biological function of  ceng1A  in flies, we introduced a deletion in the  ceng1A  gene by homologous recombination that removes all predicted functional PIKE domains. We found that homozygous  ceng1A  mutant animals survive to adulthood. In contrast to  PIKE -/-  mouse mutants, genetic ablation of  Drosophila ceng1A  does not result in growth defects or weight reduction. Although metabolic pathways such as insulin signaling, sensitivity towards starvation and mobilization of lipids under high fed conditions are not perturbed in  ceng1A  mutants, homozygous  ceng1A  mutants show a prolonged development in second instar larval stage, leading to a late onset of pupariation. In line with these results we found that expression of ecdysone inducible genes is reduced in  ceng1A  mutants. Together, we propose a novel role for  Drosophila  Ceng1A in regulating ecdysone signaling-dependent second to third instar larval transition.

The PIKE Homolog Centaurin gamma Regulates Developmental Timing in Drosophila