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Objective  The objective of this study was to determine whether the detection of  Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans  (Aa) correlates with the clinical and immunoinflammatory profile of Localized Aggressive Periodontitis (LAP), as determined by by 16S rRNA gene-based microarray.Subjects and Methods  Subgingival plaque samples from the deepest diseased site of 30 LAP patients [PD ≥ 5 mm, BoP and bone loss] were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene-based microarrays. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were analyzed for 14 cyto/chemokines. Peripheral blood was obtained and stimulated in vitro with  P.gingivalis  and  E.coli  to evaluate inflammatory response profiles. Plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels were also measured.Results    Aa  was detected in 56% of LAP patients and was shown to be an indicator for different bacterial community structures (p<0.01). Elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cyto/chemokines were detected in LPS-stimulated blood samples in both  Aa -detected and  Aa -non-detected groups (p>0.05). Clinical parameters and serum LPS levels were similar between groups. However,  Aa -non-detected GCF contained higher concentration of IL-8 than  Aa -detected sites (p<0.05). TNFα and IL1β were elevated upon  E.coli  LPS stimulation of peripheral blood cells derived from patients with  Aa -detected sites.Conclusions  Our findings demonstrate that the detection of  Aa  in LAP affected sites, did not correlate with clinical severity of the disease at the time of sampling in this cross-sectional study, although it did associate with lower local levels of IL-8, a different subgingival bacterial profile and elevated LPS-induced levels of TNFα and IL1β.

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Correlation of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Detection with Clinical/Immunoinflammatory Profile of Localized Aggressive Periodontitis Using a 16S rRNA Microarray Method: A Cross-Sectional Study