English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

The family of resistance gene analogues ( RGAs ) with a nucleotide-binding site (NBS) domain accounts for the largest number of disease resistance genes and is one of the largest gene families in plants. We have identified 868  RGAs  in the genome of the apple ( Malus  ×  domestica  Borkh.) cultivar ‘Golden Delicious’. This represents 1.51% of the total number of predicted genes for this cultivar. Several evolutionary features are pronounced in  M. domestica , including a high fraction (80%) of  RGAs  occurring in clusters. This suggests frequent tandem duplication and ectopic translocation events. Of the identified  RGAs , 56% are located preferentially on six chromosomes (Chr 2, 7, 8, 10, 11, and 15), and 25% are located on Chr 2.  TIR-NBS  and non -TIR-NBS  classes of  RGAs  are primarily exclusive of different chromosomes, and 99% of non- TIR-NBS RGAs  are located on Chr 11. A phylogenetic reconstruction was conducted to study the evolution of  RGAs  in the Rosaceae family. More than 1400  RGAs  were identified in six species based on their NBS domain, and a neighbor-joining analysis was used to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships among the protein sequences. Specific phylogenetic clades were found for  RGAs  of  Malus ,  Fragaria , and  Rosa , indicating genus-specific evolution of resistance genes. However, strikingly similar  RGAs  were shared in  Malus ,  Pyrus , and  Prunus , indicating high conservation of specific  RGAs  and suggesting a monophyletic origin of these three genera.

Characterization of Resistance Gene Analogues (RGAs) in Apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) and Their Evolutionary History of the Rosaceae Family