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Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL; gene designation  lukF/S-PV ) is likely an important virulence factor for  Staphylococcus aureus  ( S. aureus ), as qualitative expression of the protein correlates with severity for specific clinical presentations, including skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). Development of genetic approaches for risk-assessment of patients with  S. aureus  infections may prove clinically useful, and whether  lukF/S-PV  gene expression correlates with specific clinical presentations for  S. aureus  has been largely unexplored. In the present study, we quantified  lukS-PV  mRNA among 96  S. aureus  isolates to determine whether expression levels correlated with specific clinical presentations in adults and children. Expression level of  lukS-PV  mRNA among isolates from skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) was significantly greater than among isolates from blood stream infection (BSIs), and expression level of  lukS-PV  mRNA among BSI isolates from children was significantly greater than for BSI isolates among adults. Moreover, expression level of  lukS-PV  mRNA among community-acquired (CA) isolates was significantly greater than for hospital-acquired (HA) isolates. These data justify additional studies to determine the potential clinical utility for  lukS-PV  mRNA quantification as a predictive tool for severity of  S. aureus  infection.

Expression of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin mRNA among Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Associates with Specific Clinical Presentations