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HapR has been given the status of a high cell density master regulatory protein in  Vibrio cholerae . Though many facts are known regarding its structural and functional aspects, much still can be learnt from natural variants of the wild type protein. This work aims at investigating the nature of functional inertness of a HapR natural variant harboring a substitution of a conserved glutamate residue at position 117 which participates in forming a salt bridge by lysine (HapR V2G -E 117 K). Experimental evidence presented here reveals the inability of this variant to interact with various cognate promoters by  in vitro  gel shift assay. Furthermore, the elution profiles of HapR V2G -E 117 K protein along with the wild type functional HapR V2G  in size-exclusion chromatography as well as circular dichroism spectra did not reflect any significant differences in its structure, thereby indicating the intactness of dimer in the variant protein. To gain further insight into the global shape of the proteins, small angle X-ray scattering analysis (SAXS) was performed. Intriguingly, increased radius of gyration of HapR V2G -E 117 K of 27.5 Å in comparison to the wild type protein from SAXS data analyses implied a significant alteration in the global shape of the dimeric HapR V2G -E 117 K protein. Structure reconstruction brought forth that the DNA binding domains were substantially “parted away” in this variant. Taken together, our data illustrates that substitution of the conserved glutamate residue by lysine in the dimerization domain induces separation of the two DNA binding domains from their native-like positioning without altering the dimeric status of HapR variant.

plos one

Substitution of Glutamate Residue by Lysine in the Dimerization Domain Affects DNA Binding Ability of HapR by Inducing Structural Deformity in the DNA Binding Domain