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Background  Hypertension is associated with arterial hyperreactivity, and endothelin (ET) receptors are involved in vascular pathogenesis. The present study was performed to examine the hypothesis that ET receptors were altered in cerebral and coronary arteries of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).    Methodology/Principal Findings  Cerebral and coronary arteries were removed from SHR. Vascular contraction was recorded using a sensitive myograph system. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to quantify mRNA and protein expression of receptors and essential MAPK pathway molecules. The results demonstrated that both ET A  and ET B  receptor-mediated contractile responses in SHR cerebral arteries were shifted to the left in a nonparallel manner with increased maximum contraction compared with Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. In SHR coronary arteries, the ET A  receptor-mediated contraction curve was shifted to the left in parallel with an increased pEC 50  compared with the arteries in WKY rats. There was no significant increase in ET B  receptor-mediated contraction in SHR coronary arteries. ET A  receptor mRNA and protein expression was increased in SHR cerebral arteries compared with the arteries in WKY rats. However, ET A  receptor mRNA and protein levels in coronary arteries and ET B  receptor protein levels in cerebral and coronary arteries remained unchanged in SHR compared with WKY rats. Meanwhile, phosphorylated ERK1/2 protein was significantly increased in SHR brain and heart vessels.    Conclusions/Significance  In SHR cerebral arteries, ET A  receptor expression was upregulated. ET A  receptor affinity was increased in coronary arteries, and ET B  receptor affinity was increased in cerebral arteries. The ERK1/2 activation may be involved in the receptor alterations.

Altered Endothelin Receptor Expression and Affinity in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat Cerebral and Coronary Arteries