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Purpose  Although superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) affect Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS), their effects are unclear in rectus femoris muscles (RFM) of rats with different eccentric exercise programs and time points. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the various eccentric exercise programs at different time points on the  SOD  mRNA expression and MDA using rat as the animal model.    Methods  248 male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group (CTL,  n  = 8), once-only exercise group (OEG,  n  = 80), continuous exercise group (CEG,  n  = 80), and intermittent exercise group (IEG,  n =  80). Each exercise group was divided into 10 subgroups that exercised 0.5 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h, 120 h, 144 h, or 168 h. Rats were sacrificed and their  SOD  mRNA expression, and MDA concentrations of skeletal muscle tissue were measured.    Results  The specimen in all eccentric exercise programs showed increased RFM  SOD1  mRNA expression levels at 0.5 h ( P< 0.05), and decreased RFM  SOD3  mRNA expression at 0.5 h ( P< 0.05). The continuous eccentric exercise (CE) significantly enhanced muscle  SOD2  mRNA level at 0.5 h ( P< 0.05). After once-only eccentric exercise (OE),  SOD1 ,  SOD2 , and  SOD3  mRNA expression significantly increased at 96 h, whereas MDA concentrations decreased at 96 h. After CE, the correlation coefficients of  SOD1 ,  SOD2 ,  SOD3  mRNA expression levels and MDA concentrations were −0.814, −0.763, −0.845 (all  P< 0.05) at 12 h.    Conclusion  Regular eccentric exercise, especially CE could enhance  SOD1  and  SOD2  mRNA expression in acute stage and the  SOD2  mRNA expression correlates to MDA concentration  in vivo , which may improve the oxidative adaption ability of skeletal muscles.

SOD mRNA and MDA Expression in Rectus Femoris Muscle of Rats with Different Eccentric Exercise Programs and Time Points