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Background  Coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) is characterized by chronic pulmonary inflammation and fibrotic nodular lesions that usually lead to progressive fibrosis. Inflammation is the first step in the development of CWP. E-selectin, an adhesion molecule, is involved in the development of various inflammatory diseases.    Methods  We investigated the association between the functional polymorphisms in  SELE  and the risk of CWP in Han Chinese population. Three polymorphisms (T1880C/rs5355, T1559C/rs5368, A16089G/rs4786) in  SELE  were genotyped and analyzed in a case-control study with 697 CWP cases and 694 controls. The genotyping was based on the TaqMan method with the ABI 7900HT Real Time PCR system.    Results  The  SELE  rs5368 CT genotype was associated with a significantly increased risk of CWP (OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.02–1.60,  P  = 0.03) relative to the CC genotype. The statistical analysis of classification and regression tree (CART) and multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) were used to predict the interactions among risk factors of CWP. The MDR analysis found that the best interaction model was the two-factor model that contains pack-years smoked and  SELE  rs5368 genotypes. For non-smokers, the CART analysis showed an increased risk of CWP for carriers of the  SELE  rs_5368 variant genotype compared with the common genotype (OR = 1.51; 95% CI = 1.11–2.05,  P  = 0.0069).    Conclusion  The results suggest that the T1559C/rs5368 polymorphism and smoking are involved in the susceptibility to CWP. Further studies are warranted to validate these findings.

Polymorphisms in SELE Gene and Risk of Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis in Chinese: A Case-Control Study