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A two year (2010–2012) study was conducted to assess the effects of different agronomic management practices on the emissions of CO 2  from a field of non-irrigated wheat planted on China's Loess Plateau. Management practices included four tillage methods i.e. T 1 : (chisel plow tillage), T 2 : (zero-tillage), T 3 : (rotary tillage) and T 4 : (mold board plow tillage), 2 mulch levels i.e., M 0  (no corn residue mulch) and M 1  (application of corn residue mulch) and 5 levels of N fertilizer (0, 80, 160, 240, 320 kg N/ha). A factorial experiment having a strip split-split arrangement, with tillage methods in the main plots, mulch levels in the sub plots and N-fertilizer levels in the sub-sub plots with three replicates, was used for this study. The CO 2  data were recorded three times per week using a portable GXH-3010E1 gas analyzer. The highest CO 2  emissions were recorded following rotary tillage, compared to the lowest emissions from the zero tillage planting method. The lowest emissions were recorded at the 160 kg N/ha, fertilizer level. Higher CO 2  emissions were recorded during the cropping year 2010–11 relative to the year 2011–12. During cropping year 2010–11, applications of corn residue mulch significantly increased CO 2  emissions in comparison to the non-mulched treatments, and during the year 2011–12, equal emissions were recorded for both types of mulch treatments. Higher CO 2  emissions were recorded immediately after the tillage operations. Different environmental factors, i.e., rain, air temperatures, soil temperatures and soil moistures, had significant effects on the CO 2  emissions. We conclude that conservation tillage practices, i.e., zero tillage, the use of corn residue mulch and optimum N fertilizer use, can reduce CO 2  emissions, give better yields and provide environmentally friendly options.

Tillage, Mulch and N Fertilizer Affect Emissions of CO2 under the Rain Fed Condition