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The  Polygonum orientale  L. extracts were investigated for antibacterial activity against  Clavibater michiganense  subsp.  sepedonicum  (Spieckermann & Kotthoff) Davis et al., the causal agent of a serious disease called bacterial ring rot of potato. The results showed that the leaf extracts of  P. orientale  had significantly ( p <0.05) greater antibacterial activity against  C. michiganense  subsp.  sepedonicum  than root, stem, flower extracts  in vitro . According to the results of single factor experiments and L 27 3 (13)  orthogonal experiments, optimum extraction conditions were A 1 B 3 C 1 , extraction time 6 h, temperature 80°C, solid to liquid ratio 1∶10 (g:mL). The highest ( p <0.05) antibacterial activity was observed when pH was 5, excluding the effect of control. The extracts were stable under ultraviolet (UV).  In vivo  analysis revealed that 50 mg/mL of  P. orientale  leaf extracts was effective in controlling decay. Under field conditions, 50 mg/mL of  P. orientale  leaf extracts also improved growth parameters (whole plant length, shoot length, root length, plant fresh weight, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, dry weight, and number of leaves), in the 2010 and 2011 two growing seasons. Further solvent partition assays showed that the most active compounds were in the petroleum ether fractionation. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed drastic ultrastructural changes caused by petroleum ether fractionation, including bacterial deformation, electron-dense particles, formation of vacuoles and lack of cytoplasmic materials. These results indicated that  P. orientale  extracts have strong antibacterial activity against  C. michiganense  subsp.  sepedonicum  and a promising effect in control of bacterial ring rot of potato disease.

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Protective Effect of Polygonum orientale L. Extracts against Clavibater michiganense subsp. sepedonicum, the Causal Agent of Bacterial Ring Rot of Potato