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Genetic dissection of disease susceptibility in Arabidopsis to powdery and downy mildew has identified multiple susceptibility ( S ) genes whose impairment results in disease resistance. Although several of these  S -genes have been cloned and characterized in more detail it is unknown to which degree their function in disease susceptibility is conserved among different plant species. Moreover, it is unclear whether impairment of such genes has potential in disease resistance breeding due to possible fitness costs associated with impaired alleles. Here we show that the Arabidopsis  PMR4  and  DMR1 , genes encoding a callose synthase and homoserine kinase respectively, have functional orthologs in tomato with respect to their  S -gene function. Silencing of both genes using RNAi resulted in resistance to the tomato powdery mildew fungus  Oidium neolycopersici . Resistance to  O. neolycopersici  by  SlDMR1  silencing was associated with severely reduced plant growth whereas  SlPMR4  silencing was not.  SlPMR4  is therefore a suitable candidate gene as target for mutagenesis to obtain alleles that can be deployed in disease resistance breeding of tomato.

Powdery Mildew Resistance in Tomato by Impairment of SlPMR4 and SlDMR1