English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Despite inducing very low IFN-γ response and highly attenuated  in vivo , infection of mice with phosphoglycan (PG) deficient  Leishmania major  ( lpg2- ) induces protection against virulent  L. major  challenge. Here, we show that mice infected with  lpg2- L. major  generate  Leishmania -specific memory T cells. However,  in vitro  and  in vivo  proliferation, IL-10 and IFN-γ production by  lpg2 - induced memory cells were impaired in comparison to those induced by wild type (WT) parasites. Interestingly, TNF recall response was comparable to WT infected mice. Despite the impaired proliferation and IFN-γ response,  lpg2-  infected mice were protected against virulent  L. major  challenge and their T cells mediated efficient infection-induced immunity.  In vivo  depletion and neutralization studies with mAbs demonstrated that  lpg2- L. major -induced resistance was strongly dependent on IFN-γ, but independent of TNF and CD8 +  T cells. Collectively, these data show that the effectiveness of secondary anti- Leishmania  immunity depends on the quality (and not the magnitude) of IFN-γ response. These observations provide further support for consideration of  lpg2- L. major  as a live-attenuated candidate for leishmanization in humans since it protects strongly against virulent challenge, without inducing pathology in infected animals.

Deficiency of Leishmania Phosphoglycans Influences the Magnitude but Does Not Affect the Quality of Secondary (Memory) Anti-Leishmania Immunity