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NUCB2 1–83  has been recently reported as an anorexigenic and anti-hyperglycemic peptide. Here we report that NUCB2 1–83  promotes osteogenesis. It was found after two months of once-a-day intravenous injection of NUCB2 1–83 , bone mineral density of femora and lumbar vertebrae were increased in ovariectomized rats. NUCB2 1–83  also increased the alkaline phosphatase activity and promoted mineralization in mouse MC3T3-E1 preosteoblastic cell line. When either both Arg 60  and Arg 63  or Ser 72  were mutated to Ala, the pro-osteogenic activity was completely lost, indicating that these residues are structurally important for its biological function. Furthermore, it encumbered osteoclastic differentiation of RAW 264.7 macrophage. It also excluded any possibility of the effect caused by contaminants or experimental faults, and demonstrated that the pro-osteogenic activity observed was a specific effect of NUCB2 1–83  itself. These findings warranted that further studies on NUCB2 1–83  would be valuable for the treatment of bone metabolic diseases especially for osteoporosis.

The Novel Pro-Osteogenic Activity of NUCB21–83