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Cropland soil is an important source of atmospheric nitric oxide (NO) and ammonia (NH 3 ). Chinese croplands are characterized by intensive management, but limited information is available with regard to NO emissions from croplands in China and NH 3  emissions in south China. In this study, a mesocosm experiment was conducted to measure NO and NH 3  emissions from a typical vegetable-land soil in the Pearl River Delta following the applications of 150 kg N ha −1  as urea, ammonium nitrate (AN) and ammonium bicarbonate (ABC), respectively. Over the sampling period after fertilization (72 days for NO and 39 days for NH 3 ), mean NO fluxes (± standard error of three replicates) in the control and urea, AN and ABC fertilized mesocosms were 10.9±0.9, 73.1±2.9, 63.9±1.8 and 66.0±4.0 ng N m −2  s −1 , respectively; mean NH 3  fluxes were 8.9±0.2, 493.6±4.4, 144.8±0.1 and 684.7±8.4 ng N m −2  s −1 , respectively. The fertilizer-induced NO emission factors for urea, AN and ABC were 2.6±0.1%, 2.2±0.1% and 2.3±0.2%, respectively. The fertilizer-induced NH 3  emission factors for the three fertilizers were 10.9±0.2%, 3.1±0.1% and 15.2±0.4%, respectively. From the perspective of air quality protection, it would be better to increase the proportion of AN application due to its lower emission factors for both NO and NH 3 .

Emissions of NO and NH3 from a Typical Vegetable-Land Soil after the Application of Chemical N Fertilizers in the Pearl River Delta