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Oxygen relieves the CO 2  and acetate dependency of  Lactobacillus johnsonii  NCC 533. The probiotic  Lactobacillus johnsonii  NCC 533 is relatively sensitive to oxidative stress; the presence of oxygen causes a lower biomass yield due to early growth stagnation. We show however that oxygen can also be beneficial to this organism as it relieves the requirement for acetate and CO 2  during growth. Both on agar- and liquid-media, anaerobic growth of  L. johnsonii  NCC 533 requires CO 2  supplementation of the gas phase. Switching off the CO 2  supply induces growth arrest and cell death. The presence of molecular oxygen overcomes the CO 2  dependency. Analogously,  L. johnsonii  NCC 533 strictly requires media with acetate to sustain anaerobic growth, although supplementation at a level that is 100-fold lower (120 microM) than the concentration in regular growth medium for lactobacilli already suffices for normal growth. Analogous to the CO 2  requirement, oxygen supply relieves this acetate-dependency for growth. The  L. johnsonii  NCC 533 genome indicates that this organism lacks genes coding for pyruvate formate lyase (PFL) and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), both CO 2  and acetyl-CoA producing systems. Therefore, C1- and C2- compound production is predicted to largely depend on pyruvate oxidase activity (POX). This proposed role of POX in C2/C1-generation is corroborated by the observation that in a POX deficient mutant of  L. johnsonii  NCC 533, oxygen is not able to overcome acetate dependency nor does it relieve the CO 2  dependency.

Oxygen Relieves the CO2 and Acetate Dependency of Lactobacillus johnsonii NCC 533