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The Gbx class of homeobox genes encodes DNA binding transcription factors involved in regulation of embryonic central nervous system (CNS) development.  Gbx1  is dynamically expressed within spinal neuron progenitor pools and becomes restricted to the dorsal mantle zone by embryonic day (E) 12.5. Here, we provide the first functional analysis of  Gbx1 . We generated mice containing a conditional  Gbx1  allele in which exon 2 that contains the functional homeodomain is flanked with  lox P sites ( Gbx1 flox  ); Cre-mediated recombination of this allele results in a  Gbx1  null allele. In contrast to mice homozygous for a loss-of-function allele of  Gbx2 , mice homozygous for the  Gbx1  null allele,  Gbx1 −/−  , are viable and reproductively competent. However,  Gbx1 −/−   mice display a gross locomotive defect that specifically affects hindlimb gait. Analysis of embryos homozygous for the  Gbx1  null allele reveals disrupted assembly of the proprioceptive sensorimotor circuit within the spinal cord, and a reduction in ISL1 +  ventral motor neurons. These data suggest a functional requirement for  Gbx1  in normal development of the neural networks that contribute to locomotion. The generation of this null allele has enabled us to functionally characterize a novel role for  Gbx1  in development of the spinal cord.

Characterization of the Gbx1−/− Mouse Mutant: A Requirement for Gbx1 in Normal Locomotion and Sensorimotor Circuit Development