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This study is the first report to suggest a morphological phylogenetic framework for the seven varieties of  Ficus deltoidea  Jack ( Ficus : Moraceae) from the Malay Peninsula of Malaysia. Several molecular-based classifications on the genus  Ficus  had been proposed, but neither had discussed the relationship between seven varieties of  F. deltoidea  to its allies nor within the varieties. The relationship between seven varieties of  F. deltoidea  is still debated due to the extreme morphological variabilities and ambiguous boundaries between taxa. Thus, the correct identification of these varieties is important as several morphological characters are variety-specific. To test the monophyly and further resolved the relationship in  F. deltoidea , a morphological phylogenetic analysis was conducted based on herbarium specimens representing the seven varieties of  F. deltoidea  that were collected from the Malay Peninsula of Malaysia, by using related species of the genus  Ficus ;  F. grossularioides ,  F. ischnopoda  and  F. oleifolia  as the outgroups. Parsimony and neighbour-joining analyses indicated that  F. deltoidea  is monophyletic, in that the seven varieties of  F. deltoidea  nested into two clades; clade subspecies  deltoidea  (var.  deltoidea,  var.  bilobata,  var.  angustifolia,  var.  kunstleri  and var.  trengganuensis ) and clade subspecies  motleyana  (var.  intermedia  and var.  motleyana ).

Morphological Phylogenetic Analysis of Seven Varieties of Ficus deltoidea Jack from the Malay Peninsula of Malaysia