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The clustered genes  C -repeat (CRT)  b inding  f actor ( CBF)1/   d ehydration- r esponsive  e lement  b inding protein  (DREB)1B ,  CBF2/DREB1C , and  CBF3/DREB1A  play a central role in cold acclimation and facilitate plant resistance to freezing in  Arabidopsis thaliana . Rice ( Oryza sativa  L.) is very sensitive to low temperatures; enhancing the cold stress tolerance of rice is a key challenge to increasing its yield. In this study, we demonstrate chilling acclimation, a phenomenon similar to  Arabidopsis  cold acclimation, in rice. To determine whether rice  CBF/DREB1  genes participate in this cold-responsive pathway, all putative homologs of  Arabidopsis DREB1  genes were filtered from the complete rice genome through a BLASTP search, followed by phylogenetic, colinearity and expression analysis. We thereby identified 10 rice genes as putative  DREB1  homologs: nine of these were located in rice genomic regions with some colinearity to the  Arabidopsis CBF1 – CBF4  region. Expression profiling revealed that six of these genes (Os01g73770, Os02g45450, Os04g48350, Os06g03670, Os09g35010, and Os09g35030) were similarly expressed in response to chilling acclimation and cold stress and were co-expressed with genes involved in cold signalling, suggesting that these  DREB1  homologs may be involved in the cold response in rice. The results presented here serve as a prelude towards understanding the function of rice homologs of  DREB1  genes in cold-sensitive crops.

Colinearity and Similar Expression Pattern of Rice DREB1s Reveal Their Functional Conservation in the Cold-Responsive Pathway