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The molecular mechanisms of the mammalian gustatory system have been examined in many studies using rodents as model organisms. In this study, we examined the mRNA expression of molecules involved in taste signal transduction in the fungiform papillae (FuP) and circumvallate papillae (CvP) of the rhesus macaque,  Macaca mulatta , using  in situ  hybridization.  TAS1R1 ,  TAS1R2, TAS2Rs, and PKD1L3  were exclusively expressed in different subsets of taste receptor cells (TRCs) in the FuP and CvP. This finding suggests that TRCs sensing different basic taste modalities are mutually segregated in macaque taste buds. Individual  TAS2Rs  exhibited a variety of expression patterns in terms of the apparent level of expression and the number of TRCs expressing these genes, as in the case of human  TAS2Rs .  GNAT3 , but not  GNA14 , was expressed in TRCs of FuP, whereas  GNA14  was expressed in a small population of TRCs of CvP, which were distinct from  GNAT3 - or  TAS1R2 -positive TRCs. These results demonstrate similarities and differences between primates and rodents in the expression profiles of genes involved in taste signal transduction.

Expression Analysis of Taste Signal Transduction Molecules in the Fungiform and Circumvallate Papillae of the Rhesus Macaque, Macaca mulatta