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To prospectively evaluate the feasibility of using magnetic resonance (MR) techniques for  in-vivo  assessing a rat diabetic model of limb ischemia. Unilateral hind limb ischemia was induced by ligation of the iliac-femoral artery in male streptozotocin-treated and non-diabetic control rats. Four weeks after ligation, rats underwent MR Angiography (MRA), T 1 -weighted and Short Time Inversion Recovery (STIR) sequences and muscle Proton MR Spectroscopy ( 1 H-MRS) on both hind limbs. After MR examinations, immunoblotting and immunofluorescence analysis were performed. MRA showed a signal void due to flow discontinuation distal to the artery ligation. T 1 -weighted and STIR images showed, respectively, the presence of tissue swelling (p = 0.018 for non-diabetic; p = 0.027 for diabetic rats) and signal hyperintensity in tissue affected by occlusion. Mean total creatine/water for the occluded limb was significantly lower than for the non-occluded limbs in both non-diabetic (5.46×10 −4  vs 1.14×10 −3 , p = 0.028) and diabetic rats (1.37×10 −4  vs 1.10×10 −3 ; p = 0.018). MR Imaging and  1 H-MRS changes were more pronounced in diabetic than in non-diabetic occluded limbs (p = 0.032). MR findings were confirmed by using histological findings. Combined MR techniques can be used to demonstrate the presence of structural and metabolic changes produced by iliac-femoral artery occlusion in rat diabetic model of limb ischemia.

MR Angiography, MR Imaging and Proton MR Spectroscopy In-Vivo Assessment of Skeletal Muscle Ischemia in Diabetic Rats