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The  hycu-ep32  gene of  Hyphantria cunea  NPV can inhibit  Bombyx mori  nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) multiplication in co-infected cells, but it is not known whether the overexpression of the  hycu-ep32  gene has an antiviral effect in the silkworm,  Bombyx mori . Thus, we constructed four transgenic vectors, which were under the control of the 39 K promoter of BmNPV (39 KP),  Bombyx mori  A4 promoter (A4P), hr3 enhancer of BmNPV combined with 39 KP, and hr3 combined with A4P. Transgenic lines were created via embryo microinjection using practical diapause silkworm. qPCR revealed that the expression level of  hycu-ep32  could be induced effectively after BmNPV infection in transgenic lines where  hycu-ep32  was controlled by hr3 combined with 39 KP (i.e., HEKG). After oral inoculation of BmNPV with 3 × 10 5  occlusion bodies per third instar, the mortality with HEKG-B was approximately 30% lower compared with the non-transgenic line. The economic characteristics of the transgenic lines remained unchanged. These results suggest that overexpression of an exogenous antiviral gene controlled by an inducible promoter and enhancer is a feasible method for breeding silkworms with a high antiviral capacity.

Resistance to BmNPV via Overexpression of an Exogenous Gene Controlled by an Inducible Promoter and Enhancer in Transgenic Silkworm, Bombyx mori