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Background  The  ARID1A  gene encodes adenine-thymine (AT)-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A, which participates in chromatin remodeling.  ARID1A  has been showed to function as a tumor suppressor in various cancer types. In the current study, we investigated the expression and prognosis value of  ARID1A  in primary gastric cancer. Meanwhile, the biological role of  ARID1A  was further investigated using cell model in vitro.    Methodology/Principal Findings  To investigate the role of  ARID1A  gene in primary gastric cancer pathogenesis, real-time quantitative PCR and western blotting were used to examine the  ARID1A  expression in paired cancerous and noncancerous tissues. Results revealed decreased  ARID1A  mRNA ( P  = 0.0029) and protein ( P  = 0.0015) expression in most tumor-bearing tissues compared with the matched adjacent non-tumor tissues, and in gastric cancer cell lines. To further investigate the clinicopathological and prognostic roles of  ARID1A  expression, we performed immunohistochemical analyses of the 224 paraffin-embedded gastric cancer tissue blocks. Data revealed that the loss of  ARID1A  expression was significantly correlated with T stage ( P  = 0.001) and grade ( P  = 0.006). Consistent with these results, we found that loss of  ARID1A  expression was significantly correlated with poor survival in gastric cancer patients ( P  = 0.003). Cox regression analyses showed that  ARID1A  expression was an independent predictor of overall survival ( P  = 0.029). Furthermore, the functions of  ARID1A  in the proliferation and colony formation of gastric cell lines were analyzed by transfecting cells with full-length  ARID1A  expression vector or siRNA targeting  ARID1A . Restoring  ARID1A  expression in gastric cancer cells significantly inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation. Silencing  ARID1A  expression in gastric epithelial cell line significantly enhanced cell growth rate.    Conclusions/Significance  Our data suggest that  ARID1A  may play an important role in gastric cancer and may serve as a valuable prognostic marker and potential target for gene therapy in the treatment of gastric cancer.

Decreased Expression of the ARID1A Gene Is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Primary Gastric Cancer