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Hydrophilic ionic liquids (ILs) were employed as green solvents to construct an IL-containing co-solvent system for improving the asymmetric reduction of 4-(trimethylsilyl)-3-butyn-2-one by immobilized  Candida parapsilosis  cells. Among 14 hydrophilic ILs examined, 1-(2′-hydroxyl)ethyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate (C 2 OHMIM·NO 3 ) was considered as the most suitable IL for the bioreduction with the fastest initial reaction rate, the highest yield and the highest product  e.e. , which may be due to the good biocompatibility with the cells. For a better understanding of the bioreduction performed in the C 2 OHMIM·NO 3 -containing co-solvent system, the effects of several crucial variables were systematically investigated. The optimal C 2 OHMIM·NO 3  content, substrate concentration, buffer pH, co-substrate concentration and temperature were 10% (v/v), 3.0 mmol/L, 5.0, 98.1 mmol/L and 30°C, respectively. Under the optimal conditions, the initial reaction rate, the maximum yield and the product  e.e.  were 17.3 µmol/h g cell , 95.2% and >99.9%, respectively, which are much better than the corresponding results previously reported. Moreover, the immobilized cells remained more than 83% of their initial activity even after being used repeatedly for 10 batches in the C 2 OHMIM·NO 3 -containing system, exhibiting excellent operational stability.

Efficient Asymmetric Reduction of 4-(Trimethylsilyl)-3-Butyn-2-One by Candida parapsilosis Cells in an Ionic Liquid-Containing System