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Background  Methane (CH 4 ) uptake by steppe soils is affected by a range of specific factors and is a complex process. Increased stocking rate promotes steppe degradation, with unclear consequences for gas exchanges. To assess the effects of grazing management on CH 4  uptake in desert steppes, we investigated soil-atmosphere CH 4  exchange during the winter-spring transition period.    Methodology/Main Finding  The experiment was conducted at twelve grazing plots denoting four treatments defined along a grazing gradient with three replications: non-grazing (0 sheep/ha, NG), light grazing (0.75 sheep/ha, LG), moderate grazing (1.50 sheep/ha, MG) and heavy grazing (2.25 sheep/ha, HG). Using an automatic cavity ring-down spectrophotometer, we measured CH 4  fluxes from March 1 to April 29 in 2010 and March 2 to April 27 in 2011. According to the status of soil freeze-thaw cycles (positive and negative soil temperatures occurred in alternation), the experiment was divided into periods I and II. Results indicate that mean CH 4  uptake in period I (7.51 µg CH 4 –C m −2  h −1 ) was significantly lower than uptake in period II (83.07 µg CH 4 –C m −2  h −1 ). Averaged over 2 years, CH 4  fluxes during the freeze-thaw period were −84.76 µg CH 4 –C m −2  h −1  (NG), −88.76 µg CH 4 –C m −2  h −1  (LG), −64.77 µg CH 4 –C m −2  h −1  (MG) and −28.80 µg CH 4 –C m −2  h −1  (HG).    Conclusions/Significance  CH 4  uptake activity is affected by freeze-thaw cycles and stocking rates. CH 4  uptake is correlated with the moisture content and temperature of soil. MG and HG decreases CH 4  uptake while LG exerts a considerable positive impact on CH 4  uptake during spring freeze-thaw cycles in the northern desert steppe in China.

Effect of Stocking Rate on Soil-Atmosphere CH4 Flux during Spring Freeze-Thaw Cycles in a Northern Desert Steppe, China