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Fructose-bisphophate aldolase (FbaB), is an enzyme in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis in living organisms. The mutagenesis in a unique  fbaB  gene of  Xanthomonas oryzae  pv.  oryzicola , the causal agent of rice bacterial leaf streak, led the pathogen not only unable to use pyruvate and malate for growth and delayed its growth when fructose was used as the sole carbon source, but also reduced extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) production and impaired bacterial virulence and growth in rice. Intriguingly, the  fbaB  promoter contains an imperfect PIP-box (plant-inducible promoter) (TTCGT-N 9 -TTCGT). The expression of  fbaB  was negatively regulated by a key  hrp  regulatory HrpG and HrpX cascade. Base substitution in the PIP-box altered the regulation of  fbaB  with the cascade. Furthermore, the expression of  fbaB  in  X. oryzae  pv.  oryzicola  RS105 strain was inducible  in planta  rather than in a nutrient-rich medium. Except other  hrp-hrc-hpa  genes, the expression of  hrpG  and  hrpX  was repressed and the transcripts of  hrcC ,  hrpE  and  hpa3  were enhanced when  fbaB  was deleted. The mutation in  hrcC ,  hrpE  or  hpa3  reduced the ability of the pathogen to acquire pyruvate and malate. In addition, bacterial virulence and growth  in planta  and EPS production in RΔ fbaB  mutant were completely restored to the wild-type level by the presence of  fbaB in trans . This is the first report to demonstrate that carbohydrates, assimilated by  X. oryzae  pv.  oryzicola , play critical roles in coordinating  hrp  gene expression through a yet unknown regulator.

Fructose-Bisphophate Aldolase Exhibits Functional Roles between Carbon Metabolism and the hrp System in Rice Pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola