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Background    Fushi tarazu  factor 1 (FTZ-F1) encodes an orphan nuclear receptor belonging to the nuclear receptor family 5A (NR5A) which includes adrenal 4-binding protein or steroidogenic factor-1 (Ad4BP/SF-1) and liver receptor homologue 1 (LRH-1) and plays a pivotal role in the regulation of aromatases.    Methodology/Principal Findings  Present study was aimed to understand the importance of FTZ-F1 in relation to brain aromatase (cyp19a1b) during development, recrudescence and after human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) induction. Initially, we cloned  FTZ-F1  from the brain of air-breathing catfish,  Clarias gariepinus  through degenerate primer RT-PCR and RACE. Its sequence analysis revealed high homology with other  NR5A1  group members  Ad4BP/SF-1  and  LRH-1 , and also analogous to the spatial expression pattern of the latter. In order to draw functional correlation of  cyp19a1b  and  FTZ-F1 , we analyzed the expression pattern of the latter in brain during gonadal ontogeny, which revealed early expression during gonadal differentiation. The tissue distribution both at transcript and protein levels revealed its prominent expression in brain along with liver, kidney and testis. The expression pattern of brain  FTZ-F1  during reproductive cycle and after hCG induction,  in vivo  was analogous to that of  cyp19a1b  shown in our earlier study indicating its involvement in recrudescence.    Conclusions/Significance  Based on our previous results on  cyp19a1b  and the present data, it is plausible to implicate potential roles for brain  FTZ-F1  in ovarian differentiation and recrudescence process probably through regulation of  cyp19a1b  in teleosts. Nevertheless, these interactions would require primary coordinated response from ovarian aromatase and its related transcription factors.

Molecular Cloning and Expression Analysis of fushi tarazu Factor 1 in the Brain of Air-Breathing Catfish, Clarias gariepinus