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The  Pi-ta  gene in rice has been effectively used to control rice blast disease caused by  Magnaporthe oryzae  worldwide. Despite a number of studies that reported the  Pi-ta  gene in domesticated rice and wild species, little is known about how the  Pi-ta  gene has evolved in US weedy rice, a major weed of rice. To investigate the genome organization of the  Pi-ta  gene in weedy rice and its relationship to gene flow between cultivated and weedy rice in the US, we analyzed nucleotide sequence variation at the  Pi-ta  gene and its surrounding 2 Mb region in 156 weedy, domesticated and wild rice relatives. We found that the region at and around the  Pi-ta  gene shows very low genetic diversity in US weedy rice. The patterns of molecular diversity in weeds are more similar to cultivated rice ( indica  and  aus ), which have never been cultivated in the US, rather than the wild rice species,  Oryza rufipogon . In addition, the resistant  Pi-ta  allele ( Pi-ta ) found in the majority of US weedy rice belongs to the weedy group strawhull awnless (SH), suggesting a single source of origin for  Pi-ta . Weeds with  Pi-ta  were resistant to two  M. oryzae  races, IC17 and IB49, except for three accessions, suggesting that component(s) required for the  Pi-ta  mediated resistance may be missing in these accessions. Signatures of flanking sequences of the  Pi-ta  gene and SSR markers on chromosome 12 suggest that the susceptible  pi-ta  allele ( pi-ta ), not  Pi-ta , has been introgressed from cultivated to weedy rice by out-crossing.

Molecular Evolution of the Rice Blast Resistance Gene Pi-ta in Invasive Weedy Rice in the USA