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The  Drosophila melanogaster TRPA  family member  painless , expressed in a subset of multidendritic neurons embeding in the larval epidermis, is necessary for larval nociception of noxious heat or mechanical stimuli. However, the function of  painless  in adult flies remains largely unknown. Here we report that mutation of  painless  leads to a defect in male–male courtship behavior and alteration in olfaction sensitivity in adult flies. Specific downregulation of the expression of the Painless protein in the olfactory projection neurons (PNs) of the antennal lobes (ALs) resulted in a phenotype resembling that found in  painless  mutant flies, whereas overexpression of Painless in PNs of  painless  mutant males suppressed male–male courtship behavior. The downregulation of Painless exclusively during adulthood also resulted in male–male courtship behavior. In addition, mutation of the  painless  gene in flies caused changes in olfaction, suggesting a role for this gene in olfactory processing. These results indicate that functions of  painless  in the adult central nervous system of  Drosophila  include modulation of olfactory processing and inhibition of male–male courtship behavior.

Drosophila TRPA Channel Painless Inhibits Male–Male Courtship Behavior through Modulating Olfactory Sensation