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Background    E. coli  belonging to the phylogenetic group B2 are linked to Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Studies have shown that antimicrobials have some effect in the treatment of IBD, and it has been demonstrated that  E. coli  Nissle has prophylactic abilities comparable to 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) therapy in ulcerative colitis. The objective of this study was to test if ciprofloxacin and/or  E. coli  Nissle could eradicate IBD associated  E. coli  in the streptomycin-treated mouse intestine.    Results  After successful colonization with the IBD associated  E. coli  strains in mice the introduction of  E. coli  Nissle did not result in eradication of either IBD associated strains or an  E. coli  from a healthy control, instead, co-colonization at high levels were obtained. Treatment of mice, precolonized with IBD associated  E. coli , with ciprofloxacin for three days alone apparently resulted in effective eradication of tested  E. coli . However, treatment of precolonized mice with a combination of ciprofloxacin for 3 days followed by  E. coli  Nissle surprisingly allowed one IBD associated  E. coli  to re-colonize the mouse intestine, but at a level 3 logs under  E. coli  Nissle. A prolonged treatment with ciprofloxacin for 7 days did not change this outcome.    Conclusions  In the mouse model  E. coli  Nissle can not be used alone to eradicate IBD associated  E. coli ; rather, 3 days of ciprofloxacin are apparently efficient in eradicating these strains, but surprisingly, after ciprofloxacin treatment (3 or 7 days), the introduction of  E. coli  Nissle may support re-colonization with IBD associated  E. coli.

Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Associated E. coli with Ciprofloxacin and E. coli Nissle in the Streptomycin-Treated Mouse Intestine