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Cathelicidins are a family of antimicrobial peptides acting as multifunctional effector molecules in innate immunity. Cathelicidin-BF has been purified from the snake venoms of  Bungarus fasciatus  and it is the first identified cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide in reptiles. In this study, cathelicidin-BF was found exerting strong antibacterial activities against  Propionibacterium acnes . Its minimal inhibitory concentration against two strains of  P. acnes  was 4.7 µg/ml. Cathelicidin-BF also effectively killed other microorganisms including  Staphylococcus epidermidis , which was possible pathogen for acne vulgaris. Cathelicidin-BF significantly inhibited pro-inflammatory factors secretion in human monocytic cells and  P. acnes -induced O 2   .−  production of human HaCaT keratinocyte cells. Observed by scanning electron microscopy, the surfaces of the treated pathogens underwent obvious morphological changes compared with the untreated controls, suggesting that this antimicrobial peptide exerts its action by disrupting membranes of microorganisms. The efficacy of cathelicidin-BF gel topical administering was evaluated in experimental mice skin colonization model.  In vivo  anti-inflammatory effects of cathelicidin-BF were confirmed by relieving  P. acnes -induced mice ear swelling and granulomatous inflammation. The anti-inflammatory effects combined with potent antimicrobial activities and O 2   .−  production inhibition activities of cathelicidin-BF indicate its potential as a novel therapeutic option for acne vulgaris.

Cathelicidin-BF, a Snake Cathelicidin-Derived Antimicrobial Peptide, Could Be an Excellent Therapeutic Agent for Acne Vulgaris