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Background  Phenazines are important compounds produced by pseudomonads and other bacteria. Two  phz  gene clusters called  phzA1-G1  and  phzA2-G2 , respectively, were found in the genome of  Pseudomonas  sp. M18, an effective biocontrol agent, which is highly homologous to the opportunistic human pathogen  P. aeruginosa  PAO1, however little is known about the correlation between the expressions of two  phz  gene clusters.    Methodology/Principal Findings  Two chromosomal insertion inactivated mutants for the two gene clusters were constructed respectively and the correlation between the expressions of two  phz  gene clusters was investigated in strain M18. Phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) molecules produced from  phzA2-G2  gene cluster are able to auto-regulate expression itself and activate the expression of  phzA1-G1  gene cluster in a circulated amplification pattern. However, the post-transcriptional expression of  phzA1-G1  transcript was blocked principally through 5′-untranslated region (UTR). In contrast, the  phzA2-G2  gene cluster was transcribed to a lesser extent and translated efficiently and was negatively regulated by the GacA signal transduction pathway, mainly at a post-transcriptional level.    Conclusions/Significance  A  single  molecule, PCA, produced in  different  quantities by the two  phz  gene clusters acted as the functional mediator and the two  phz  gene clusters developed a specific regulatory mechanism which acts through 5′-UTR to transfer a single, but complex bacterial signaling event in  Pseudomonas  sp. strain M18.

Regulatory Feedback Loop of Two phz Gene Clusters through 5′-Untranslated Regions in Pseudomonas sp. M18