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Background  Voltage-dependent K +  channels (Kv) mediate repolarisation of β-cell action potentials, and thereby abrogate insulin secretion. The role of the Kv1.1 K +  channel in this process is however unclear. We tested for presence of Kv1.1 in different species and tested for a functional role of Kv1.1 by assessing pancreatic islet function in BALB/cByJ (wild-type) and  megencephaly  ( mceph/mceph ) mice, the latter having a deletion in the Kv1.1 gene.    Methodology/Principal Findings  Kv1.1 expression was detected in islets from wild-type mice, SD rats and humans, and expression of truncated Kv1.1 was detected in  mceph/mceph  islets. Full-length Kv1.1 protein was present in islets from wild-type mice, but, as expected, not in those from  mceph/mceph  mice. Kv1.1 expression was localized to the β-cell population and also to α- and δ-cells, with evidence of over-expression of truncated Kv1.1 in  mceph/mceph  islets. Blood glucose, insulin content, and islet morphology were normal in  mceph/mceph  mice, but glucose-induced insulin release from batch-incubated islets was (moderately) higher than that from wild-type islets. Reciprocal blocking of Kv1.1 by dendrotoxin-K increased insulin secretion from wild-type but not  mceph/mceph  islets. Glucose-induced action potential duration, as well as firing frequency, was increased in  mceph/mceph  mouse β-cells. This duration effect on action potential in β-cells from  mceph/mceph  mice was mimicked by dendrotoxin-K in β-cells from wild-type mice. Observations concerning the effects of both the  mceph  mutation, and of dendrotoxin-K, on glucose-induced insulin release were confirmed in pancreatic islets from  Kv1.1  null mice.    Conclusion/Significance  Kv1.1 channels are expressed in the β-cells of several species, and these channels can influence glucose-stimulated insulin release.

Evidence for Presence and Functional Effects of Kv1.1 Channels in β-Cells: General Survey and Results from mceph/mceph Mice