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Background  MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of endogenous, small and noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression by suppressing translation or degrading mRNAs. Recently, many studies investigated the association between hsa-miR-196a2 rs11614913 polymorphism and cancer risk, which showed inconclusive results.    Methodology/Principal Findings  We conducted a meta-analysis of 15 studies that included 9,341 cancer cases and 10,569 case-free controls. We assessed the strength of the association, using odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Overall, individuals with the TC/CC genotypes were associated with higher cancer risk than those with the TT genotype (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.03–1.34,  P <0.001 for heterogeneity test). In the stratified analyses, we observed that the CC genotype might modulate breast cancer risk (OR = 1.11, 95%CI = 1.01–1.23,  P   heterogeneity  = 0.210) and lung cancer risk (OR = 1.25, 95%CI = 1.06–1.46,  P   heterogeneity  = 0.958), comparing with the TC/TT genotype. Moreover, a significantly increased risk was found among Asian populations in a dominant model (TC/CC versus TT, OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.07–1.43,  P   heterogeneity  = 0.006).    Conclusions  These findings supported that hsa-miR-196a2 rs11614913 polymorphism may contribute to the susceptibility of cancers.

Hsa-miR-196a2 Rs11614913 Polymorphism Contributes to Cancer Susceptibility: Evidence from 15 Case-Control Studies